godfrey of bouillon descendants godfrey of bouillon descendants

The assizes were the result of a gradual development. Following long struggles, and after proving that he was a loyal subject to Henry IV, Godfrey finally won back his duchy of Lower Lorraine in 1087. Family tree of Godefroy DE BOUILLON - Geneastar: Genealogy of famous people Though Godfrey clearly had not planned to settle in the Holy Land, he balked at this. Thus, IF Kelley's arguments were correct, then Godfrey and Geoffrey MAY have been identical. [6] 1099 Ascalon trophes.jpg 3,602 2,078; 1.14 MB The name is, instead, the equivalent of the name which normally appears in contemporary French or Anglo-Norman documents in such forms as "Goisfrid' and "Gauzfrid', the prototypes of modern "Geoffrey'. The inheritance was disputed by many parties. Godfrey of Bouillon, as mentioned above, was chosen to be the first king. Ida's mother was Ida of Lorraine. They had four sons, Eustache III, Godfrey, Baldwin (I) [King of Jerusalem], and William, and one daughter, Agnes. Godfrey was the eldest of them by birth and the . On July 22, a council was held in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. Later chroniclers who did not participate in the First Crusade suggest he took the title of rex, or king". The Siege of Jerusalem During the First Crusade, Deus lo volt or deus vult? He also faced opposition from Dagobert of Pisa, the Patriarch of Jerusalem, who was allied with Tancred. [5] He was probably born in Boulogne-sur-Mer, although one 13th-century chronicler cites Baisy, a town in what is now Walloon Brabant, Belgium. Godfrey also acknowledged himself as a vassal of Daimbert, patriarch of Jerusalem, thus laying the foundation for future struggles between lay and ecclesiastical figures who sought to control the kingdom. He instead took the title Advocatus Sancti Sepulchri (Defender of the Holy Sepulchre). The second and much more serious host of warriors, led by Godfrey of Bouillon, he conducted also into Asia, promising to supply them with provisions in return for an oath of homage, and by their victories recovered for the Empire a number of important cities and islands - Nicaea, Chios, Rhodes, Smyrna, Ephesus, Philadelphia, Sardis, and in fact most of Asia Minor (1097-1099). Godfrey of Bouillon - History's Greatest Knight - documentary Snell, Melissa. Theoderic Bishop of Verdun seized the opportunity to end the hereditary succession in the county of Verdun by bestowing it on Matilda Ctss of Tuscany, who granted it to Albert III Comte de Namur as guardian of her interests in Lotharingia. While Godfrey, Robert of Normandy, and Robert of Flanders covered the walls of the north as far south as the Tower of David, Raymond took responsibility for attacking from the tower to Mount Zion. He took part in actions at Nicaea, Dorylaeum and Antioch, before playing a key role during the capture of Jerusalem in 1099. While previous studies of Godfrey's life have tended to focus on his career from the point at which he joined the . Now the Christian army had to deal with armies of North African Muslims called Fatimids, who had adopted the name of the ruling family in Cairo, Egypt. His features were pleasing, his beard and hair of medium blond.". An error has occured while loading the map. In fact, Lower Lorraine was so important to the Holy Roman Empire that in 1076 Henry IV, then King of the Romans and future emperor (reigned 10841105), decided to place it in the hands of his own son and give Godfrey only Bouillon and the Margraviate of Antwerp, allegedly as a test of his loyalty. Godfrey's role in the crusade was described by Albert of Aix, the anonymous author of the Gesta Francorum, and Raymond of Aguilers amongst others. She married Herman of Malsen van Cuijk/Cuyck. Frankish knight who was one of the leaders of the First Crusade from 1096 until his death. Godfrey was the second son of Count Eustace II of Boulogne and Ida of Lorraine. He married (2nd) [Saint] Ida of Verdun, daughter of Godfrey I, by his 1st wife, Doda. Second son of Eustace II, Count of Boulogne, Godfrey became Lord of Bouillon in 1076 and in 1087 Emperor Henry IV confirmed him as Duke of Lower Lorraine, a reward for his support during the Great Saxon Revolt. Godfrey Of Bouillon : Family tree by comrade28 - Geneanet He was the Lord of Bouillon, from which he took his byname, from 1076 and the Duke of Lower Lorraine from 1087. Title of Godfrey of Bouillon. Godfrey, of Bouillon, approximately 1060-1100 -- Romances, Swan knight (Legendary character) -- Romances Publisher Barcelona : Castalia Ediciones Collection inlibrary; printdisabled; internetarchivebooks Digitizing sponsor Kahle/Austin Foundation Contributor Internet Archive Language Spanish; Romance With Jerusalem thus secured at least for the time being most of the crusaders decided to return home. GitHub export from English Wikipedia. [22] However, he preferred Advocate of the Holy Sepulchre to that of king, allegedly refusing to "wear a crown of gold where his Saviour had worn a crown of thorns. [24] [25] [26]. ukraine russia border live camera /; June 24, 2022 Godefroi was confirmed as ruler in Jerusalem at Christmas 1099 by Patriarch Daibert. Godfrey, who, even according to Albert's representation, contributed little to the success of the undertaking, is all at once represented in strong terms as the head of the army, the most noble. Runciman is looking back from the days of 'Godfrey's' greatness, rather than realistically appraising the situation at the time of his marriage. Geoffrey Of Boulogne was living in 1086. [10] Each travelled separately, since it was impossible for one region to feed and supply such large numbers on their own; the first to leave in spring 1096 was what became known as the People's Crusade, an army of 20,000 low ranking knights and peasants which journeyed through the Rhineland, then headed for Hungary. When the Crusaders finally took the city, they decided that their oaths to Alexius had breen breached and were no longer in effect. During your visit, you will also be able to . As Murray says: "If, as is likely, the marriage of Eustace II and Godgifu was one of those condemned at Rheims and presumably dissolved thereafter, it is possible that Geoffrey was the product of this union; branded as illegitimate, he was unable to succeed to Boulogne but he may well have retained sufficient status -- more so than a son of a casual union -- to have been an attractive marriage partner for the Mandevilles.". Shortly thereafter, Godfrey and his fellow crusaders beat back a force of encroaching Egyptians. [20], Godfrey continued to play a minor, but important, role in the battles against the Seljuks until the Crusaders finally reached Jerusalem in 1099. While previous studies of Godfrey's life have tended to focus on . William Of Boulogne, of Carshalton, Surrey, son and heir, born say 1085. [28], Suggestions he was poisoned are unlikely and it is more probable he died from a disease similar to typhoid. Internet History Sourcebooks Project Godfrey and the other knights agreed to a modified version of this oath, promising to help return some lands to Alexius I. I would add that if Geoffrey were a son of the English princess Godgifu, the identity and rank of his *English* mother would have been especially attractive to the Norman family of Mandeville which had acquired vast land holdings in England. Godfrey never married. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), volume I, page 466 BOULOGNE 3. Godfrey of Bouillon was born in about 1060 C.E. GitHub export from English Wikipedia. Godfrey was elected the first King of Jerusalem on 22 July 1099. GODEFROI de Boulogne ([1060]-in Palestine 18 Jul 1100, bur Jerusalem, Church of the Holy Sepulchre). Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. The Crusaders however had the main aim of liberating the Holy Land in Palestine from the Muslims and reinstating Christian rule there. The siege started on 7 June; the Counts of Normandy and Flanders stayed in the north, Bouillon and Hauteville in the west and the Count of Toulouse in the south. It was made by Eugne Simonis, and inaugurated on 24 August 1848. Although the Latins came close to capturing Ascalon, Godfrey's attempts to prevent Raymond of St. Gilles from securing the city for himself meant that the town remained in Muslim hands, destined to be a thorn in the new kingdom's side for years to come. His father was Eustace I. Eustace I, son of Baldwin II, son of Arnulf III, son of Arnulf II, son of Adelolf. Melissa Snell is a historical researcher and writer specializing in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Murray also adduces chronological and geographical considerations that make it improbable that Godfrey could have married an English heiress and had a son prior to becoming Duke of Lower Lotharingia and joining the First Crusade -- the chronology and geography just don't line up as they should if Godfrey and Geoffrey were one and the same. However, based on historical records, it is believed that Godfrey of Bouillon had at least two children: a son named Baldwin and a daughter named Ida. [3] During his short reign, Godfrey had to defend the new Kingdom of Jerusalem against Fatimids of Egypt, who were defeated at the Battle of Ascalon in August. While the holdings of Geoffrey de Mandeville were not nearly as great as those of Eustace of Boulogne, he was a very substantial landholder in 11 counties and his daughter a suitable match for "Godfrey" who had already inherited a great deal from his maternal uncle. Murray highlights that the evidence concerning the alleged title "advocatus Sancti Sepulcri" is based on a single letter written in Laodicea in [Sep/Oct] 1099 to Daibert Archbishop of Pisa. Godfrey of Bouillon's descendants include some of the most famous names in European history. Godfrey was a son of Eustace II of Boulogne and Ida of Lorraine. [b], According to William of Tyre, the later 12th-century chronicler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, Godfrey was "tall of stature, not extremely so, but still taller than the average man. in Jrusalem , Israel, This form allows you to report an error or to submit additional information about this family tree: Godefroy DE BOUILLON (1058), Biography from Wikipedia (see original) under licence CC BY-SA 3.0. A descendant of Charlemagne, Godfrey of Bouillon (1060-1100) was Count of Boulogne and educated here in Bouillon by his uncle Godfrey IV (The Hunchback), Duke of Lower Lorraine and Lord of Bouillon. Godfrey of Bouillon (c. 1060 - 18 July 1100) was a medieval Frankish knight who was one of the leaders of the First Crusade from 1096 until his death. He also faced opposition from Dagobert of Pisa, the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem, who was allied with Tancred. The Death of Godfrey of Bouillon - Nobility and Analogous Traditional Godfrey of Bouillon ( French: Godefroy, Dutch: Godfried, German: Gottfried, Latin: Godefridus Bullionensis; 18 September 1060 - 18 July 1100) was a French nobleman and one of the pre-eminent leaders of the First Crusade. Este ducado estaba muy influido por la reforma cluniacense, y al parecer, Godofredo era una persona muy religiosa, de este modo y aunque haba luchado a favor del Emperador contra el papado, Godofredo literalmente vendi todo lo que tena y se uni a la Cruzada que predic Urbano II en el Concilio de Clermont. When Godfrey IV died in 1076 his nephew inherited his titles. 15 Best Things to Do in Bouillon (Belgium) - The Crazy Tourist Eustace was born in 1015. After some difficulties in Hungary, he arrived in Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine Empire, in November. When Alexios demanded an oath of loyalty, Godfrey and most of the Crusaders agreed a modified version in which they promised to restore some lands to the Emperor, Raymond of Toulouse being a notable exception. Geoffrey son of Count Eustace/Godfrey de Bouillon - narkive Godfried (Boulogne) FitzEustace (abt.1050-1101) - WikiTree During Godfrey's lifetime this region was part of the Holy Roman Empire. Although the majority of the Crusader leaders accepted Alexios' right to do so, it was an illustration of the level of mutual suspicion between the two sides. Godfrey of Bouillon : Duke of Lower Lotharingia, Ruler of Latin [9], Following advice provided by Pope Urban, most of these armies set out in mid-summer and headed for Constantinople where they could expect assistance from Emperor Alexios I Komnenos. Hello, in line with current project guidelines related to significant profiles, I've added the EuroAristo project as a manager on this profile. In Catholic Encyclopedia. Meanwhile, the struggle with Dagobert continued, although the terms of the conflict are difficult to trace. He was the first ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem from 1099 to 1100. Due to a planned power outage on Friday, 1/14, between 8am-1pm PST, some services may be impacted. Godfrey of Bouillon led a troop of Lotharingian knights. Leader of the Lotharingian contingent in the First Crusade in 1096, he sold his estates of Rosay and Stenay on the River Meuse and pledged the castle of Bouillon to the Bishop of Lige to fund the expedition, although he retained the title Duke of Lower Lotharingia. "Godefridi et Balduini" are named sons of "Ida comitisse Boloniensis" in the latter's charter for the soul of her husband. Much of the evidence for this comes from William of Tyre, whose account of these events is troublesome - It is only William who tells us that Dagobert forced Godfrey to concede Jerusalem and Jaffa, while other writers such as Albert of Aachen and Ralph of Caen suggest that both Dagobert and his ally Tancred had sworn an oath to Godfrey to accept only one of his brothers or blood relations as his successor. The Arms of Lorraine and Visconti - Tradition in Action No longer were the Seljuk Turks the rulers of these lands. A major test of Godfrey's leadership skills was shown in his battles to defend his inheritance against a significant array of enemies. Godfrey and his troops played a minor role, with Bohemond successfully commanding much of the action but as the Crusaders were about to storm the city, they noticed the Byzantine flag flying from the top of the walls. Godfrey of Bouillon, First Crusader - ThoughtCo Although he was named heir to the duchy of Lower Lorraine by his uncle in 1076, the Holy Roman emperor Henry IV kept the duchy for his son and left Godfrey with the lordship of Bouillon, in the Ardennes region of France. Godefroy de Bouillon (n unele lucrri n romn Godefroi de Bouillon, iar n valon Godfrw d' Bouyon, neerlandez Godfried van Bouillon, german Gottfried von Bouillon, latin Godefridus Bullionensis; n. 1060, Boulogne-sur-Mer - d. 18 iulie 1100, Ierusalim) a fost un cavaler medieval, unul dintre liderii Primei Cruciade din 1096 pn la moartea sa. (2021, October 6). Wrong username or password. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Godfrey of Bouillon - New Advent Leave a message for others who see this profile. This article incorporates text from the Encyclopdia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. Godfrey of Bouillon. The child left by "Godfrey" in England was William de Boulogne, bearer of one of the oldest English surnames, for William was neither Count of Boulogne nor from Boulogne. Birth of Godefroy IV de Bouillon / Duc de Basse - Lo Death of Godefroy IV de Bouillon / Duc de Basse - Lo Godefroy IV de Bouillon / Duc de Basse - Lotharinge Burial of Godefroy IV de Bouillon / Duc de Basse - L "Duc de Basse-Lotharingie", "Rei de Jerusalem", Christian Quarter, Old City (Jerusalem), Kingdom of Jrusalem, Lord of Lorraine, Duque de la Baja Lorena - Defensor del Santo Sepulcro, Comte, de Verdun, Duc, de Lotharingie, de Basse-Lotharingie, Roi, de Jrusalem, Lord, de Carshalton, SENHOR FEUDAL. First ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem from 1099 to 1100, he avoided the title of king, preferring that of prince (princeps) and Advocatus Sancti Sepulchri, or Advocate of the Holy Sepulchre. Ida C died 13 August 1113. Godfrey x Bouillon - Wikipedia ting Vit Godfrey of Bouillon - Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core Still, Godfrey's influence in the German kingdom would have been minimal if it had not been for his major role in the First Crusade. This cycle connected his ancestors to the legend of the Knight of the Swan,[4] most famous today as the storyline of Wagner's opera Lohengrin. In the kingdom he founded he was constantly held up as a model for princes as well as warriors. No longer were the Seljuk Turks the rulers of these lands. When the army finally disembarked in the holy land This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Godfrey research. PRINCEPS GODEFROI . It was an end to three years of fighting by the Crusaders, but they had finally done what they had set out to do in 1096 namely, to recapture the Holy Land and, in particular, the city of Jerusalem and its holy sites, such as the Holy Sepulchre, the tomb of Jesus Christ. [6] As second son, he had fewer opportunities than his older brother. The French crusader Godfrey of Bouillon (ca. He was either the eldest or the second son of Eustace II, Count of Boulogne, and Ida, daughter of Godfrey III, Duke of Lower Lorraine.Contents[hide], {{ mediasCtrl.getTitle(media, true) }} {{ media.date_translated }}. The church windows shatter in a winter storm and the replacement glass no longer depicts Godfrey of Bouillon and the sinners in hell, . He died in Jerusalem after suffering from a prolonged illness. The Arab chronicler Ibn al-Qalanisi reported that "In this year [1099], Godfrey, lord of Jerusalem, appeared before the fortified port of 'Akk [Acre] and made an assault upon it, but was struck by an arrow, which killed him". If so, login to add it. Andressohn, John C. The Ancestry and Life of Godfrey of Bouillon, 1947. "The tomb of Godfrey was destroyed in 1808, but at that time a large sword, said to have been his, was still shown." Godfrey of Bouillon: Leader of the First Crusade and Liberator of This duchy was an important one at the time, serving as a buffer between the kingdom of France and the German lands. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. In any event, he died in Jerusalem after suffering from a prolonged illness. During his short reign, Godfrey had to defend the new kingdom against the Fatimids of Egypt, who were defeated at the Battle of Ascalon in August. He was the Lord of Bouillon, from which he took his byname, from 1076 and the Duke of Lower Lorraine from 1087. . That De Mandeville would have alienated property in order to give his daughter in marriage to a bastard son of Count Eustace, lacking any substantial prospects, is highly unlikely. He was depicted as the military leader of the crusade, a legislator who established the assizes of Jerusalem, and in the early 14th century was selected as one of the Nine Worthies, a pantheon of famous warriors thought to epitomise chivalric ideals. For them, Alexius I and his Turks were only a sideshow. [30] In reality, Godfrey was only one of several leaders of the crusade, which also included Raymond IV of Toulouse, Bohemond of Taranto, Robert of Flanders, Stephen of Blois and Baldwin of Boulogne to name a few, along with papal legate Adhemar of Montiel, Bishop of Le Puy. Is it true that Godfrey of Bouillon was a descendant of - Quora Godfrey of Bouillon (French: Godefroy, Dutch: Godfried, German: Gottfried, Latin: Godefridus Bullionensis; 1060 18 July 1100) was a French nobleman[1][2] and pre-eminent leader of the First Crusade. ), Brabant, d. Jerusalem 18 July 1100; Domesday tenant 1086 at Carshalton, Surrey; a leader of the First Crusade, elected King of Jerusalem, but took the title of Advocate of the Holy Sepulcher (as Godfrey I); succeeded by his next younger brother Baldwin, Count of Edessa, who became Baldwin I King of Jerusalem, d. 2 Apr 1118, surviving issue, if any, unknown; m. Beatrice de Mandeville, daughter of Geoffrey de Mandeville and aunt of the first Earl of Essex. [5] He was probably born in Boulogne-sur-Mer, although one 13th-century chronicler cites Baisy, a town in what is now Walloon Brabant, Belgium. It was in Jerusalem that the legend of Godfrey of Bouillon was born. He was depicted as the leader of the crusades, the king of Jerusalem, and the legislator who laid down the assizes of Jerusalem, and he was included among the ideal knights known as the Nine Worthies. Godfrey of Bouillon was born around 1060, second son of Eustace II, Count of Boulogne, and Ida, daughter of the Lotharingian duke Godfrey the Bearded and his first wife, Doda. Standing on three rocky peaks, the castle of Bouillon dominates the city and offers a magnificent view of it. kelebogile Mhlongo . However his maternal uncle, Godfrey the Hunchback, died childless and named his nephew, Godfrey of Bouillon, as his heir and next in line to his Duchy of Lower Lorraine. IMPORTANT PRIVACY NOTICE & DISCLAIMER: YOU HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO USE CAUTION WHEN DISTRIBUTING PRIVATE INFORMATION. Godfrey History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms - HouseOfNames Many nobles at once arrayed themselves under his banner, and about 15 August, 1096, he departed at the head of 10,000 knights and 30,000 foot soldiers. Godfrey de Bouillon Tomb. During the winter, the crusading army came close to starvation and many returned to Europe, while Alexios assumed all was lost at Antioch and failed to provide them with supplies as promised. "Godfrey (or Geoffrey), Count of Boulogne, Duke of Lower Lorraine, probably born earlier than the 1061 usually given, at Baisy (? Username and password are case sensitive. Godfrey of Bouillon ( French: Godefroy, Dutch: Godfried, German: Gottfried, Latin: Godefridus Bullionensis; 18 September 1060 - 18 July 1100) was a French nobleman and one of the pre-eminent leaders of the First Crusade. In this he was joined by his older brother, Eustace, and his younger brother, Baldwin, who had no lands in Europe. He was the Lord of Bouillon, from which he took his byname, from 1076 and the Duke of Lower Lorraine from 1087. His elder brother, Eustace III, inherited Boulogne and the family's estate in England. Children of William of Boulogne, by _____: It should be kept in mind that David Kelley's arguments in support of the conjecture that Godfrey, Defender of the Holy Sepulchre, was the same as the Geoffrey de Boulogne who married Beatrice de Mandeville do not at all "prove" that Godfrey and Geoffrey are identical. His elder brother, Eustace III, inherited Boulogne and the family's estate in England. Maalouf, Amin. In 1098 Godfrey took part in the capture of Antioch, which fell in June of that year after long and bitter fighting. Godefroy de Bouillon - Wikipedia Godfrey fought with Henry and his forces against the rival forces of Rudolf of Swabia and also took part in battles in Italy when Henry IV actually took Rome away from the pope. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). After months of waiting, the common people on the crusade forced Raymond to march on to Jerusalem, and Godfrey quickly joined him. More recently, Johnson and Cronne, good historians but poor linguists, have used Round's article to 'correct' Davis. He was the Lord of Bouillon, from which he took his byname, from 1076 and the Duke of Lower Lorraine from 1087. Whatever the interest of this debate, its practical importance was swept aside when Godefroi's brother was crowned "King of Jerusalem" within a year. Once the city was returned to Christian rule, some form of government had to be set up. Relations with Emperor Alexios I were tense, and Godefroi attacked Constantinople in Apr 1097. He died in July 1100 and was succeeded by his brother Baldwin as king of Jerusalem. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. After this victory, the Crusaders were divided over their next course of action. Godfrey of Bouillon, with Tancred de Hauteville, gained victory at the Siege of Antioch which had lasted from October 1097 to June 1098 Godfrey of Bouillon and Tancred were among the first to mount the ramparts during the capture of Jerusalem Godfrey of Bouillon was elected king of Jerusalem on July 22 1099 Era el primer o segundo hijo de Eustaquio II, conde de Boulogne, y de Ida de Boulogne, hija de Godofredo III, duque de la Baja Lorena. Suddenly the Byzantine emperor had an army of about 4000 mounted knights and 25,000 infantry camped on his doorstep. In the aftermath of the First Crusade, there was disagreement among the clergy and secular leaders as the leadership of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Another 99 words (7 lines of text) covering the years 1666, 1273, 1622, 1678, 1642, 1631, 1648, 1714, 1641, 1797 and are included under the topic Early Godfrey History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible. Godfrey of Bouillon (French: Godefroy, Dutch: Godfried, German: Gottfried, Latin: Godefridus Bullionensis; 1060 18 July 1100) was a French nobleman and pre-eminent leader of the First Crusade. Their daughter, Heilwig, married Arnold van Rode, thus the niece of Godfrey Bouillon was a van Rode/Roesmont. Raymond of Toulouse refused to become king. Godfried (Godfrey) "Count of Boulogne, Duke of Lower Lorraine" FitzEustace formerly Boulogne aka de Boulogne Born about 1050 in Brabant, Meuse, Lorraine, France Ancestors Son of Eustace (Boulogne) de Boulogne and Ida (Lorraine) Boulogne http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORTHERN%20FRANCE.htm#EustacheIIA. Godfrey reigned for just short of one year, dying of the plague on 18 July 1100, never having married or having had any children. 6. This mattered because the two sides had different goals; Alexius simply wanted help in retaking Byzantine lands lost to the Seljuk Turks, while the Crusaders sought to "liberate" the Holy Land from "infidels" [a] and establish themselves as rulers. After this battle and during the trek through Asia Minor, some sources suggest that Godfrey was attacked by a bear and received a serious wound which incapacitated him for a time.[21]. The electoral council chose him as ruler of Jerusalem 22 Jul 1099, and after considerable debate about the correct title to adopt, he became GODEFROI princeps of Jerusalem. Godfrey married Beatrice Bouillon (born de Mandeville). Godfrey Bouillon - Historical records and family trees - MyHeritage Godfrey's nephew, Baldwin of Boulogne, was the first king of the Latin Empire of Constantinople. In fictional literature, Godfrey was the hero of numerous French chansons de geste dealing with the crusade, the "Crusade cycle". During Godfrey's lifetime this region was part of the Holy Roman Empire. Daimbert, who shortly became the patriarch of Jerusalem, believed the city and, indeed, the entire Holy Land should be governed by the church. He should appear with some frequency in the English records, for his son, Faramus, held extensive estates in widely separated parts of England (Somerset, Surrey, Essex, Oxford, Buckinghamshire, Suffolk, probably Kent and Northumberland). Geoffrey [illegitimate] de Boulogne was born about 1060 in Baisy-Thy, Brabant, Belgium, son of Eustace II de Boulogne and Nn Nn. Runciman's further suggestion that 'Godfrey' might have made some sort of 'morganatic alliance must be rejected.