Finally, the collected data were checked for completeness. Normality assumption was checked by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, which was insignificant. Accordingly, sex, years of nursing experience, intercultural communication, cultural sensitivity, interpersonal communication, and cultural motivation were significantly associated with the transcultural self-efficacy perception. e0254643. The overall mean score of TSE was divided by 25 (the total number of items) giving the value ranging from 1 to 5. I personally have use and will continue to use Madeleine Leininger theory. A Good Think About Ink, Connect with Rasmussen University on Facebook, Connect with Rasmussen University on Instagram, Connect with Rasmussen University on LinkedIn, Connect with Rasmussen University on Pinterest, Connect with Rasmussen University on Twitter, Connect with Rasmussen University on Youtube, Human Resources and Organizational Leadership, Information Technology Project Management, Transfer Credit & Other Knowledge Credit, American Association of Colleges of Nursing, the benefits of earning a BSN on an accelerated educational track, making the jump from RN to BSN to enhance your healthcare repertoire, A Crash Course in Patient Safety: 6 Things New Nurses Need to Know, 7 Expert Tips to Survive Stress and Get Through Nursing School, The Nursing Debate: 8-Hour Shifts vs. 12-Hours Shifts, Letter from the Senior Vice President and Provost, Financial Aid and FAFSA (for those who qualify). The foundations of transcultural nursing were laid in the mid-1950s. This is a moderate level of transcultural self-efficacy perception. Quantitative sample size was calculated using a formula for a single population proportion considering confidence interval of 95% (Z = 1.96), margin of error 5% (d = 0.05), and population proportion of 50% (p = 0.5) since there is no study on transcultural self-efficacy of nurses or predictor of transcultural self-efficacy in Ethiopia. The initial calculated sample size was 384. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. This necessitates an environment of cultural sharing among patients and healthcare professionals, which in turn maximizes health outcomes for all involved. Whilst g lobalisation was a pparent some time b efore the appearance of . Qualitative data were collected based on specified criteria throughout the interviews. broad scope, and wide readership a perfect fit for your research every time. The finding of this study highlights that it is advantageous if nurses struggle to improve their cultural understanding and knowledge of transcultural nursing theories. Ethiopian birr;ICS, First, the list of all nurses was taken from the matron office of JMC with their corresponding wards or departments. 2 MULTICULTURAL AND TRANSCULTURAL NURSING THEORY Introduction Patient-centered care is an evidence-based approach that focuses on the needs, preferences, and values of patients, which guarantees quality, safe and optimal healthcare to patients (Engle et al., 2019). Bivariate and multivariable linear regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with transcultural self-efficacy. Nurses communication effectiveness when caring for patients from different cultural backgrounds measured using 5 items on a 5-point Likert scale with the value ranging from 525. Since nurses lie at the front line of health care providers, they have the opportunity to stand out as the ones who can understand and are sensitive to the cultures of patients by helping patients with their particular lifeways and in their environmental context [9,19]. The level of perceived transcultural self-efficacy was moderate among nurses. El Arab RA, Urbanavice R, Jakavonyte-Akstiniene A, Skvarcevskaja M, Austys D, Mateos JT, Briones-Vozmediano E, Rubinat-Arnaldo E, Istomina N. Front Public Health. The conceptualization of the cultural competence model in nursing has emerged after 1989. Finally, causality could not be established because the study was cross-sectional. (2019) in which male nurses demonstrated a higher transcultural self-efficacy score than females [25]. Asurakkody (2019) reported Cronbachs alpha of 0.75 for IPCS [29]. The level of perceived transcultural self-efficacy was moderate among nurses. Globally, health care is becoming more culturally and ethnically diverse over the last 20 years [15]. This was a descriptive study. Facility-based cross-sectional study with both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection was conducted among 244 nurses and 10 key informants from 20 May to 20 June 2020. With all of this in mind, we will likely see a rise in cultural competence education for nurses and other healthcare professionals. It can be used in primary, secondary and tertiary protection stages [56] (Figure 4.8.3). Nurses actions, desires, and needs to learn about and engage with culture-based care measured using 5 items on a Likert scale with the value ranging from 525. Citation: Berhanu RD, Tesema AA, Deme MB, Kanfe SG (2021) Perceived transcultural self-efficacy and its associated factors among nurses in Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. While this outcome might sound far-fetched on the surface, there have been a number of malpractice cases of this kind that arose from issues involving cultural incompetence. & Amp; Paulanka BJ; Ppur model for cultural competence. The Culture Care Theory defines nursing as a learned scientific and humanistic profession that focuses on human care phenomena and caring activities in order to help, support, facilitate, or enable patients to maintain or regain health in culturally meaningful ways, or to help them face handicaps or death. The study results showed that sex, years of nursing experience, intercultural communication, cultural sensitivity, interpersonal communication, and cultural motivation were significantly associated with transcultural self-efficacy. The fundamental assumptions of this theory are: a. Transcultural consciousness (awareness, seeking to understand, critical reflection) engenders an appreciation of both cultural diversity and the reality of sharing a common humanity. Foronda and Belknap (2012) conducted a qualitative study investigating the experience of American nursing students who studied abroad in a low-income country. This finding is also consistent with the study of Herrero-Hahn et al. The discrepancy may be due to the difference in the socio-cultural characteristics of the participants. Simple random sampling technique was used to recruit participants in the quantitative part of the study. Given the presence of some 3000 cultures around the world, it is impossible for healthcare professionals to have knowledge of all cultures. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, Affiliation: The study population for this study was all nurses working at JMC who fulfilled eligibility criteria. These findings are supported by the study of Asurakkody (2019), in which cultural sensitivity, interpersonal communication, and cultural motivation positively and significantly predicted TSE [29]. The program you have selected requires a nursing license. transcultural nursing is to provide "culturally congruent, sensiti ve and competent nursing care" (Leininger, 1995, p4). This finding was corroborated by the finding from the qualitative study as one 28-year-old male participant said, I am willing and motivated to serve these people. Pretest was conducted on 25 (10%) nurses at Agaro General Hospital. The site is secure. More than half 132 (55.9%) of them were female and 138(58.5%) of them were Oromo. The total number of in-depth interviews was determined by the level of data saturation and a minimum of eight in-depth interviews were conducted. eCollection 2022. The ever-increasing multicultural population in the United States poses a significant challenge to nurses providing individualized and holistic care to their patients. patient care and well-being through a culturally competent nursing education would later be coined as the "Transcultural Theory of Nursing" (Sitzman & Eichelberger, 2004, p. 93). The mean transcultural self-efficacy score was 2.89 0.59. This page titled 4.8: Transcultural Nursing Care Models is shared under a CC BY 3.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Vasfiye Bayram De?er (IntechOpen) via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. competence of registered nurses (RNs) through a transcultural nursing education program. Both bivariate and multivariable linear regression analyses were carried out to identify factors associated with transcultural self-efficacy. Continuous monitoring was made by the principal investigators during data collection. Cultural motivation scale;CSES, The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the The theory consistently approaches culturally based care by requiring the nurse to use cultural knowledge as well as specific skills when deciding nursing interventions and practices. The ability to recognize and embrace cultural diversity is of utmost importance to all health care providers, particularly to nurses since they come into very intimate contact with health care seekers of different cultures. Data Availability: All the data underlying this study are provided in the Supporting information file. Nursing is a profession that relies on a holistic approach to delivering health care. Becoming more aware of the other peoples cultures and exploring their problems as well as understanding the patients opinion, Describing therapeutic relationship relevant to the patients cultural beliefs and consensus values, Applying the sensitive care model to culturally different groups, Making the patient feel safe in the culturally sensitive care. This finding is supported by the study of Herrero-Hahn et al. Boyle JS & Andrews MM; Andrews/Boyle assessment guide. The total scale score is between 25 and 125 in all subscales. CI, Determine whether the following statement is true or false regarding the evolution of nursing to the point where the theory of transcultural nursing was introduced: Nurses were initially brought in to assist medical personnel in an administrative capacity. The significance of these other cues can vary widely depending on culture. The Transcultural Nursing Theory is therefore a powerful framework that guides nurses to implement appropriate processes that can maximize patient outcomes. In this article, the first of two parts, transcultural nursing is explained in terms of its assumptions, benefits and limitations and the emerging literature in this area of mental healthcare practice is highlighted. (2019), in which longer experience positively predicted transcultural self-efficacy, and with the study of Quine et al. This calls for the need to offer transcultural nursing training for nurses. Ray, M. (1994). One unit increase in cultural motivation results in 0.635 unit increase in transcultural self-efficacy ( = .635, p < .001). Therefore, the finding from this study is useful to provide evidence-based nursing care to culturally and ethnically diverse clients. During the time, several theories related to culture have been adopted from other disciplines and used in nursing with some modifications and refinements of the major and subconcepts of existing theories from other disciplines. The IPCS was used to measure interpersonal communication. Socio-demographic characteristics of nurses working at JMC, Oromia Region, Southwest Ethiopia, May to June 2020 (n = 236). Campinha-Bacote J; Cultural competence in providing health care services: Culturally adequate care model. Transcultural nursing employs the concepts of ethnicity, race, and culture in order to understand individuals' perceptions and behaviors. The qualitative finding from a 30-year-old female participant supported this, ability to communicate among patients having different cultures influences confidence for caring (Participant 7). It is considered a cognitive specialty within nursing, which first originated by combining the "culture" construct of anthropology with the "care" construct of nursing. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and this maximizes the reliability of the data. Spector RE; Cultural care: guidelines for inheritance, assessment and health traditions [. Robera Demissie Berhanu, Before actual data collection, the data collection tools were pretested on 25 nurses working at Agaro General Hospital to measure the internal consistency of the tools, to estimate data collection time, and to make modifications as needed. Rasmussen University does not guarantee, approve, control, or specifically endorse the information or products available on websites linked to, and is not endorsed by website owners, authors and/or organizations referenced. Confidence interval;CMS, However, it is opposite to the study of Asurakkody (2019), in which female nurses demonstrated a higher transcultural self-efficacy score than males [29]. (2012), in which intercultural communication was positively associated with cultural self-efficacy [33,34]. The scale is measured on a 5-point Likert scale with responses ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. Discover a faster, simpler path to publishing in a high-quality journal. An official website of the United States government. 2022 Jul 22;10:904158. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.904158. The mean TSE score was 2.89 (SD = 0.59) out of the total possible scores ranging from 1 to 5 which indicates a moderate level of transcultural self-efficacy. Additionally, in-depth interview was conducted among 10 nurses. So what does this call for transcultural competency mean for practicing nurses? This was refined by Madeleine Leininger in 1975, who founded the Transcultural Nursing Society. 03/08/2017. tailored to your instructions. Through such communication, it also becomes possible to exchange cultural dimensions and worldviews (Betancourt & Daniel, 2015). PLOS ONE promises fair, rigorous peer review, The nurses. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. This can help avoid dangerous patient outcomes, such as drug toxicity when certain medicines are used in conjunction with herbal remedies. Knowledge, awareness, and acceptance of other cultures measured using 3 items on a Likert scale with the value ranging from 315. This page titled 4.10: Criticisms of Transcultural Nursing is shared under a CC BY 3.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Vasfiye Bayram De?er (IntechOpen) via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. A low level is a mean score between 1 and 2.33, a moderate level is a mean score between 2.34 and 3.67, and a high level is a mean score between 3.68 and 5 [23]. Transcultural self-efficacy of nurses varies with several factors including sex, experience, intercultural communication, cultural sensitivity, interpersonal communication, and cultural motivation. Ones self-efficacy perceptions can have an important role in how one deals with challenging situations [1]. A major limitation of transcultural nursing models is their lack of consideration of the relationship between power and knowledge, and the analysis of prejudice and discrimination (Mulholland, 1995). The finding of this study encourages nursing curriculum makers in Ethiopia to incorporate transcultural nursing education into the present curriculum and it calls for the need to offer transcultural nursing training for nurses. Interpersonal Communication in Transcultural Nursing Care in India: A Descriptive Qualitative Study. Conversely, a lack of diversity awareness can result in providing culturally incongruent nursing care, which adversely impacts patient outcomes and can even jeopardize patient safety in certain cases. These include having a base knowledge of propensity of certain diseases among various cultures; holidays and prohibited foods and beverages of specific religious groups; psychological and biological variations among varying cultures; and a cultures relationship to the environment, which can impact receptivity to healthcare interventions. You could be on your way to contributing to the new faces of nursing in no time. and transmitted securely. Cross T., Bazron B; Dennis K., Isaacs M.; Towards a culturally adequate care process: Effective services for minority children with emotionally serious illness. More than three fourth 190(80.5%) of them had B.Sc. Suh EE; Cultural competence model through evolutionary concept analysis. Nurses must consider these concepts in order to deliver culturally congruent healthcare. The growth of minority populations in tandem with growing healthcare disparities across the nation reflect the importance of recruiting and retaining a diverse healthcare workforce. However, the study has several limitations. Orque is a leading figure in developing a cultural model for nursing with the conceptual framework of the ethnic system. Variance inflation factor. The lowest mean score was observed in the knowledge of cultural patterns, which was 2.71 (SD = 0.61). & Lees S; Training culturally competent researchers. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0254643, Editor: Paola Gremigni, University of Bologna, ITALY, Received: November 13, 2020; Accepted: June 30, 2021; Published: July 22, 2021. The CSES-Knowledge scale consists of 16 items that ask about knowledge of many health-related domains (e.g., health practices, nutritional patterns, employment patterns). Accordingly, nurses should possess the cultural knowledge required to deliver effective and satisfactory care that is congruent with the culture of the patient [1114]. Diversity has increased in many countries due to wars, discrimination, political strife, and worldwide socioeconomic conditions. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data for this study. Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit participants for in-depth interviews. For additional information about Licensing and State Authorization, and State Contact Information for Student Complaints, please see those sections of our catalog. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Transcultural nursing is an essential aspect of healthcare today. This includes taking into account patients cultural needs [11]. 11.07.2022, Jordan Jantz | It identifies factors that define transcultural nursing and analyzes methods to promote culturally competent nursing care. Mean;SD, One unit increase in cultural sensitivity leads to 2.075 units increase in transcultural self-efficacy ( = 2.075, p < .001). Descriptive statistics were performed to determine the mean and standard deviation of transcultural self-efficacy. Bloch B; Blochs assessment guide for ethnic/cultural diversity. Leininger's theory is simple and easy to understand, and this implies it can be applied even on the first contact. With similar changes in our nursing workforce, you can expect new nursing graduates to be armed with an abundant knowledge base of cultural competency and diversity in healthcare. nurses were recruited from Agaro General Hospital for facilitating quantitative data collection. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Geographically, it is located in Jimma town which is found at 352km from Addis Ababa, the Capital city of Ethiopia. One unit increase in interpersonal communication results in 2.061 units increases in transcultural self-efficacy ( = 2.061, p < .001). One year increase in years of nursing experience results in 2.096 units increases in transcultural self-efficacy ( = 2.096, p = .001). This study was carried out to assess perceived transcultural self-efficacy and its associated factors among nurses. Intercultural communication scale;IDI, Table 1: Narayanasamys ACCESS model (1998). For new nursing graduates looking to enter the field, it can be helpful to be proactive in learning more about cultural competence in healthcare, whether by signing up for a relevant class or volunteering in culturally diverse healthcare settings. The reliability of the data collection tool was measured, data collection time was estimated and some modifications such as logical order and rewriting items difficult to understand were made as well. nurses, and M.Sc. This model is a tool developed to assess cultural values and their effects on health and disease behavior [33] (Figure 4.8.2). HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Another 27-year-old male participant also said, for example patients come from different regions speaking different languages and having different cultures. This finding was corroborated by the qualitative finding as a 25-year-old female participant said, my confidence in delivering care to patients of different cultures is increased as I stay longer in caring practice (Participant 4). Being able to deal with cultural differences in real terms and make interpretations, Being able to use appropriate cultural teaching techniques. It was checked whether the themes work with the coded extracts. PMC It is also true that the number of people who identify as belonging to two or more races will triplefrom 7.5 million to 26.7 millionby 2060. Legal. Although transcultural nursing has an important role in the holistic approach, it is criticized at some points and is also mentioned in opposing views. Journal of Transcultural Nursing Impact Factor: 1.869 5-Year Impact Factor: 2.322 JOURNAL HOMEPAGE SUBMIT PAPER Restricted access Research article First published online June 29, 2016 Overview of the Theory of Culture Care with the Ethnonursing Research Method Madeleine Leininger, PhD, LHD, DS, CTN, RN, FAAN View all authors and affiliations Please select another program or contact an Admissions Advisor (877.530.9600) for help. Background Transcultural self-efficacy is a nurse's perception of his or her own ability to accomplish activities effectively for culturally diverse clients. Transcultural nursing is defined as a learned subfield or branch of nursing that focuses upon the comparative study and analysis of cultures concerning nursing and health-illness caring practices, beliefs, and values to provide meaningful and efficacious nursing care services to their cultural values and health-illness context. The principal investigators (RDB and MBD) conducted the interviews in Afaan Oromo and Amharic. It also requires the specialization of health personnel in order to provide qualified, culturally specific care. Some limitations include the limited of new graduate nurse that are prepared to conduct research need it to provide cultural effective care. The qualitative finding supported this in that a 32-year-old male participant said;as nurses are more and more culturally sensitive, they tend to have higher confidence in giving care to patients coming from different cultures (Participant 6). Therefore, having good communication ability is crucial to give care with confidence (Participant 5). Knowledge of transcultural nursing was also investigated. The discrepancy might be because they selected study participants using convenience sampling and the vast majority of their sample were females. Bookshelf The history of culture is as old as the history of human beings but it was during the time of Madeline Leininger that culture became the central concept in the transcultural nursing theory (TNT) and evidence-based area of study. The findings of the present study also indicate that cultural sensitivity, interpersonal communication, and cultural motivation were significantly associated with transcultural self-efficacy. The IDIs were conducted in the silent and comfortable room (home, workplace) after time and place were decided by the interviewees. Nurses who had greater than 2-years of work experience were included purposely in the qualitative strand of the study for they could provide detailed information. 10.24.2022. Having the ability to understand complex cultural dimensions. It is considered a cognitive specialty within nursing, which first originated by combining the culture construct of anthropology with the care construct of nursing. However, it is noted that nurses may be ethnocentric with cultural knowledge, understanding, awareness, education, cultural competence and lack of faith [58]. The mean TSE scores for the knowledge of cultural concepts and specific nursing skills were 3.35 (SD = 0.78) and 3.14 (SD = 0.88) respectively. The other finding of this study was the identification of factors that are significantly associated with the transcultural self-efficacy perceptions of nurses. By selecting "Submit," I authorize Rasmussen University to contact me by email, phone or text message at the number provided. Accordingly, each text was read again and again carefully and then codes were generated by two data coders. She researches and writes articles on behalf of Rasmussen University to help empower students to achieve their career dreams through higher education. Individualized intercultural care is a nurses responsibility as both a human and a professional. (2019) in Columbia in which the mean score was 2.58 [25]. Semi-structured in-depth interview (IDI) guiding questions were used. Approximately, it provides service for 15,000 inpatients, 160,000 outpatient attendants, 11,000 emergency cases, and 4500 deliveries in a year coming to the hospital from the catchment population of about 15 to 20 million people. (2016), in which nurses who have worked for 15 years or longer had significantly greater TSE scores when compared with other nurses [31]. The internal consistency was tested using a reliability scale. Andrews MM; History of health and cultural competence in physical examination. Transcultural self-efficacy (TSE) is defined as the perception or expectation of a nurse regarding his or her own ability to accomplish activities effectively in the conditions characterized by cultural diversity [2]. The result showed the data were approximately normally distributed. Among these, 553 were diploma nurses, B.Sc. Ethnonursing It is argued that extraordinary endeavors in cultural sensitivity can result in the classification of cultures, thereby leading to stereotyped behaviors in certain cultures, races and religions. 10.31.2022, Patrick Flavin | Leininger MM; The differences in cultural care and the theory of universality. The in-depth interview results also supported many of these findings. However, it is lower when compared to the study conducted by Birnbaum (2012) in which the mean score was 3.41 [30]. Disclaimer. Please visit www.rasmussen.edu/degrees for a list of programs offered. As the need for a more direct relationship with patients presented itself, nurses filled . sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Compromising cultural beliefs and studies with the general state of provision of health care, Respecting for the sociocultural diversity of women, newborn babies and their families [. Its Cronbachs alpha was 0.75 [29]. This study was conducted at Jimma Medical Center (JMC). When you find the way, your confidence is increased (Participant 3) [Table 3]. Participants were willing and who had greater than 2 years of experience were selected for in-depth interviews.